:root{--ink:#181820;--muted:#65656c;--wine:#951735;--line:#eadcdd;--rose:#faf2f1}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:145px}body{margin:0;color:var(--ink);font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.6}button,input,textarea{font:inherit}button,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}button{cursor:pointer}a{color:var(--wine)}button,a,input,textarea,summary{outline-offset:5px}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--wine)}.wrap{max-width:1280px;margin:auto;padding-left:32px;padding-right:32px}header{background:#fffffff5;position:sticky;top:0;z-index:5;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);backdrop-filter:blur(12px)}.top{height:104px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;line-height:1.2}.brand img{width:60px}.brand b{font-size:34px;letter-spacing:1px}.brand 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h2{font-size:31px;margin:0 0 8px}.cta p{margin:0;color:var(--muted)}.cta button{margin-left:auto;white-space:nowrap}.cta-icon{font-size:51px;color:var(--wine);background:#f1dddd;width:90px;height:90px;display:grid;place-items:center;border-radius:50%;flex-shrink:0}.about{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.3fr;gap:70px;padding-top:25px;padding-bottom:65px}.about h2{font-size:34px;margin:0}.about p{color:var(--muted)}.about strong{color:var(--ink)}.faq{max-width:960px;padding-bottom:70px}.faq h2{font-size:32px}details{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}summary{cursor:pointer;padding:20px 0;font-weight:600}details p{color:var(--muted);padding-right:30px}footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:28px;padding-bottom:28px;display:flex;gap:28px;align-items:center}footer p{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);max-width:500px;margin:0}footer small{margin-left:auto;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px}.footer-brand{font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;font-size:21px;white-space:nowrap}.text-button{border:0;background:none;color:var(--wine);padding:0;font-size:13px}dialog{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:18px;padding:48px;max-width:840px;width:calc(100% - 32px);max-height:90dvh;color:var(--ink);box-shadow:0 25px 90px #21070b33}dialog::backdrop{background:#211b2380;backdrop-filter:blur(5px)}dialog h2{font-size:34px;margin:0 0 25px}dialog h3{font-size:21px;margin:27px 0 12px}dialog p,dialog li{color:#57575f}.close{position:absolute;right:15px;top:8px;font-size:32px;border:0;background:none;color:var(--muted);width:42px;height:42px}.article-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:24px;margin-top:30px}.callout{background:var(--rose);padding:20px 24px;border-left:3px solid var(--wine);margin:25px 0}.tabs{display:flex;gap:10px;margin:20px 0}.tabs button{flex:1;padding:12px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;background:white;color:var(--wine)}.tabs button[aria-selected=true]{background:var(--wine);color:white}.source-link{font-size:13px}#contact{max-width:600px}label{display:block;font-size:15px;font-weight:600;margin:17px 0}input,textarea{display:block;width:100%;border:1px solid #d8c8cb;border-radius:7px;padding:12px;margin-top:7px;background:white;color:var(--ink)}textarea{resize:vertical}.form-note{font-size:13px}.email-fallback{font-size:14px}.form-status{font-size:14px}.step{display:flex;gap:18px;margin:20px 0}.step>b{color:var(--wine);font-size:24px}.step p{margin:0}.table-wrap{overflow-x:auto}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px}td,th{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:12px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}th{background:var(--rose)}
@media(min-width:1500px){.hero-grid{min-height:650px}}@media(max-width:1000px){.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1.25fr 1fr}.hero h1{font-size:45px}.hero h2{font-size:26px}.hero figure img{height:430px}nav{gap:12px}nav button{font-size:12px}.cards{gap:12px}.card{grid-template-columns:45px 1fr;padding:22px 16px;gap:12px}.card svg{width:42px}.cta{margin-left:25px;margin-right:25px}.cta-icon{display:none}.cta h2{font-size:26px}.actions{gap:10px}.actions>*{font-size:14px;padding:13px 17px}}@media(max-width:700px){.wrap{padding-left:22px;padding-right:22px}.top{height:88px}.brand{gap:9px}.brand img{width:42px}.brand b{font-size:25px}.brand small{font-size:9px}.top>.consult{display:none}.menu{display:block;border:1px solid var(--line);background:white;color:var(--wine);border-radius:7px;padding:7px 12px;font-size:24px}nav{display:none;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0;padding-bottom:12px}nav.open{display:flex}nav button{text-align:left;font-size:15px;padding:10px 0}.hero-grid{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:0;padding-top:34px;min-height:0}.eyebrow{font-size:12px;max-width:320px;margin-bottom:18px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(33px,8.7vw,55px);letter-spacing:-1.4px;margin-bottom:20px}.hero h2{font-size:24px;line-height:1.3}.hero .intro{font-size:17px;margin-bottom:24px}.desktop{display:none}.hero-copy{width:100%}.actions{flex-direction:column}.actions>*{width:100%;font-size:15px}.hero figure{width:100%;padding:14px 0 23px}.hero figure img{height:335px}.topics{padding-top:34px}.topics>h2{font-size:29px}.section-sub{font-size:17px;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:24px}.cards{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}.card{grid-template-columns:57px 1fr;min-height:145px;padding:20px;gap:18px}.card svg{width:50px}.card h3{font-size:19px}.card .num{margin-bottom:6px}.card p{font-size:15px}.cta{margin:0 18px 38px;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;padding:25px;gap:18px}.cta h2{font-size:25px}.cta p{font-size:15px}.cta button{margin:0;white-space:normal}.about{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px;padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:30px}.about h2{font-size:29px}.about p{font-size:16px}.faq{padding-bottom:40px}.faq h2{font-size:28px}summary{font-size:16px}footer{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px}footer p{width:100%}footer small{margin-left:0}dialog{padding:42px 23px 25px;max-height:92dvh;border-radius:13px}dialog h2{font-size:28px}dialog h3{font-size:20px}dialog p,dialog li{font-size:16px}.article-bottom{flex-direction:column}.callout{padding:16px}.tabs{gap:6px}.tabs button{font-size:14px;padding:11px 8px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*{transition:none!important}}
[hidden]{display:none!important}

/* Blend hero artwork edges into the page; retain the complete valve. */
.hero figure img {
 display:block;
 width:auto;
 max-width:100%;
 margin-inline:auto;
 -webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(to right,transparent,#000 14%,#000 86%,transparent),linear-gradient(to bottom,transparent,#000 12%,#000 85%,transparent);
 -webkit-mask-composite:source-in;
 mask-image:linear-gradient(to right,transparent,#000 14%,#000 86%,transparent),linear-gradient(to bottom,transparent,#000 12%,#000 85%,transparent);
 mask-composite:intersect;
}

/* Separate editorial pages and illustrated navigation. */
header nav a{font-size:14px;padding:14px 0;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink);border-bottom:2px solid transparent}header nav a:hover,header nav a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--wine);border-color:var(--wine)}
a.consult{text-decoration:none}.cta>a{margin-left:auto;white-space:nowrap}.card{text-decoration:none}.picture-card{display:block;padding:0;overflow:hidden}.picture-card>img{width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:900/440;display:block;object-fit:cover}.card-copy{position:relative;padding:20px 24px 28px}.card-copy .num{font-size:14px;margin-bottom:7px}.card-copy p{min-height:46px}.picture-card:hover{transform:translateY(-3px)}
.breadcrumbs{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);padding:30px 0}.breadcrumbs a{color:var(--muted)}.page-heading{max-width:900px;margin:24px auto 32px}.page-heading h1,.form-page h1,.sources-page h1{font-size:clamp(32px,4vw,54px);letter-spacing:-1.5px;line-height:1.15;margin:0 0 20px}.page-heading>p:last-child{font-size:22px;color:var(--muted)}.editorial-figure{max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto 48px;padding:0}.editorial-figure img{height:auto;width:100%;mix-blend-mode:normal;border-radius:20px;display:block}.reading-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:250px minmax(0,760px);gap:64px;justify-content:center;padding-bottom:75px}.reading-layout aside{align-self:start;position:sticky;top:185px;font-size:14px}.reading-layout aside b{display:block;margin-bottom:16px}.reading-layout aside>a{display:block;margin:0 0 14px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--muted)}.reading-layout aside>a:hover{color:var(--wine)}.reading-layout aside>.outline{display:inline-flex;color:var(--wine);margin-top:15px}.reading-layout article{min-width:0;font-size:18px;line-height:1.8}.reading-layout article>p:first-child{font-size:22px;line-height:1.6;color:#4e4148}.reading-layout h2{font-size:29px;line-height:1.25;margin:40px 0 18px;scroll-margin-top:185px}.reading-layout h3{font-size:23px}.reading-layout ul{padding-left:24px}.reading-layout li{margin-bottom:10px}.page-next{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding-top:28px;margin-top:40px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:16px}.page-next a{max-width:48%}.valve-comparison{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px;margin:30px 0}.valve-comparison section{background:var(--rose);padding:22px;border-radius:12px;font-size:16px}.valve-comparison h3{margin-top:0;font-size:20px}.contact-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:70px;padding:20px 0 70px}.contact-intro img{width:100%;margin:20px 0}.contact-intro h2{font-size:35px}.contact-layout>section{padding:32px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:16px}.contact-layout h1{font-size:32px}.sources-page{max-width:950px;padding-bottom:80px}.sources-page li{margin-bottom:24px}.source-link{margin-top:35px;color:var(--muted)}
@media(max-width:1000px){header nav a{font-size:12px}.reading-layout{grid-template-columns:200px minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px}.contact-layout{gap:30px}}
@media(max-width:700px){header nav a{font-size:15px;padding:10px 0}.cta>a{margin:0;white-space:normal}.picture-card{display:block}.picture-card>img{height:auto}.card-copy{padding:20px}.breadcrumbs{padding:20px 0;font-size:12px}.page-heading{margin-top:14px}.page-heading h1{font-size:35px}.page-heading>p:last-child{font-size:19px}.editorial-figure{margin-bottom:28px}.editorial-figure img{border-radius:12px}.reading-layout{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:20px;padding-bottom:45px}.reading-layout aside{position:static;background:var(--rose);padding:20px;border-radius:12px}.reading-layout aside>a{margin-bottom:10px}.reading-layout article{font-size:17px}.reading-layout article>p:first-child{font-size:20px}.reading-layout h2{font-size:26px;margin-top:30px;scroll-margin-top:105px}.valve-comparison{grid-template-columns:1fr}.page-next{flex-direction:column}.page-next a{max-width:100%}.contact-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding-top:0;gap:20px}.contact-layout>section{padding:23px}.contact-intro h2{font-size:28px}.contact-intro img{margin:10px 0}.sources-page h1{font-size:32px}}

/* Expanded patient articles, November 2026 */
.detail-page .editorial-figure{max-width:900px}
.detail-page .editorial-figure img{object-fit:contain;background:#faf6f1}
.detail-page figcaption{font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);padding:14px 4px}
.detail-page .table-scroll{overflow-x:auto;margin:25px 0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px}
.detail-page table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55}
.detail-page th,.detail-page td{padding:16px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.detail-page th{background:#f3e7e8;color:var(--wine)}
.detail-page tbody tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}
.detail-page article section+section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:32px}
.detail-page article section h2{margin-top:32px}
.recovery-strip{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin:0 auto 50px;max-width:1000px}
.recovery-strip>div{padding:28px;background:#f5eeea;border-radius:16px}
.recovery-strip span{font-size:42px;color:#b27d87;font-weight:300}
.recovery-strip h2{font-size:22px;line-height:1.25}.recovery-strip p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted)}
.reading-layout aside{max-height:calc(100vh - 200px);overflow:auto}
@media(max-width:700px){.detail-page .table-scroll{margin-inline:0}.detail-page th,.detail-page td{padding:11px;font-size:14px;min-width:108px}.recovery-strip{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px;margin-bottom:28px}.recovery-strip>div{padding:20px}.recovery-strip span{float:left;margin-right:18px}.recovery-strip h2{margin-top:3px}.reading-layout aside{max-height:none}.detail-page figcaption{font-size:13px}.detail-page .editorial-figure{margin-inline:0}}